|
Steven R. Hanna, Ph.D.
Ph.D., M.S., B.S., Meteorology, Penn State University (1967, 1966, 1964) April
1997-Present: President, Hanna
Consultants, Kennebunkport, ME April
2002-Present: Adjunct Associate
Prof., Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA July 1997-
July 2003 Research Professor,
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA April
1997-Dec. 2000: Research Associate,
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 1992-April
1997: Principal
Meteorologist, Earth Tech, Inc., Concord, MA 1985-1992: Founder and Vice President,
Sigma Research Corp., Westford, MA 1981-1985: Principal
Meteorologist, Environmental Research & Technology, Inc. (ERT), Concord,
MA 1967-1981: Research Meteorologist and Acting
Director (1979-1981) USDOC/NOAA, Environmental Research Laboratories,
Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Awards Dr. Hanna is the 1994 recipient of the
American Meteorological Society's Award for Outstanding Contribution to the
Advance of Applied Meteorology, and is a 1996 Centennial Fellow of the
College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of Penn State University. On June 2,
2003, he testified at a Congressional hearing on the subject of “Following
Toxic Clouds: Science and Assumptions in Plume Modeling”. Professional
Summary Dr. Hanna is a specialist in
atmospheric turbulence and dispersion, in the analysis of meteorological and
air quality data, and in the development, evaluation, and application of air
quality models. He is an AMS Certified
Consulting Meteorologist with over 35 years of experience. He has led several research and
development projects involving, for example, the analysis of uncertainties of
dispersion models, the statistical evaluations of hazardous gas dispersion
models and regional ozone models, the development of models for the
dispersion of emissions from tall power plant stacks, from offshore oil
platforms, and from accidental and intentional releases of hazardous
chemicals, and the analysis of data from large urban and regional field
experiments. From 1988-1997, Dr.
Hanna was Chief Editor of the Journal
of Applied Meteorology, and has published over 120 articles in refereed
journals, six chapters in books, and five books in which he is the primary
author. Related
Professional Experience Model Evaluation, Model Uncertainty,
and Concentration Fluctuations Under support of the American Petroleum
Institute in the 1980s, a statistical method for evaluating air quality
models was developed and applied to many types of source scenarios, models,
and field data sets. This method is now accepted as the standard in
international research on dispersion model evaluation. In the 1990s, the U.S.
Air Force, the U.S. Army, and the American Petroleum Institute supported the
development of a framework for evaluating and for estimating the uncertainty
in environmental models. During the past few years, the Department of Defense
and the Department of Energy have sponsored further studies of model
evaluation methods, with emphasis on scenarios where chemical or biological agents
might be released. Since 1993, the Electric Power
Research Institute has supported the development of uncertainty analysis
methods for photochemical grid models.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has had Dr. Hanna review their
uncertainty analysis methods for linked emissions-dispersion-exposure-risk
consequence models. The American Petroleum Institute has Dr. Hanna leading a
long-term study in which the uncertainties of dispersion models for toxic
gases are being investigated. Regional Ozone Data Analysis and Model
Evaluation Dr. Hanna was the chief scientist for
analysis of field data from several regional and urban-scale ozone
experiments, including the South Central Coastal Cooperative Aerometric
Monitoring Program (SCCCAMP), the Lake Michigan Ozone Study, and the Gulf of
Mexico Air Quality Study (GMAQS). He
was the manager and chief scientist for the multi-agency Cross-Regional Model
Evaluation (CReME) project, in which the ROM 2.2, UAM-IV, UAM-V, and SAQM
regional ozone models were evaluated with field data from the LMOS,
Northeast, and SARMAP domains. Dr.
Hanna is currently the chief scientist on two MMS-sponsored studies involving
boundary layers and air quality in the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. Hanna led a ten-year effort in
which the effects of uncertainties in input parameters on the uncertainties
in predictions of regional ozone models were assessed using Monte Carlo
methods. The method was first applied
to UAM-IV on the New York domain, and was more recently applied to UAM-V on
the OTAG domain. Dr. Hanna recently
completed a study of the uncertainties in the BEIS3 model, which is used to
estimate biogenic emissions for input to photochemical grid models. The
effects of uncertainties in BEIS3 model inputs on the model outputs and
subsequently on outputs of the URM, MAQSIP, and MAQSIP photochemical grid
models were estimated for three ozone episodes. Modeling of
Turbulence and Diffusion Dr. Hanna has developed applied
diffusion models for several industrial and governmental clients, including a
diffusion model for complex terrain (RTDM) for the Westvaco Corporation, a
model for overwater diffusion (OCD) for the Minerals Management Service, a
cooling tower plume model (ATCOOL) for the Department of Energy (DOE), a
model for diffusion from tall stacks (HPDM) for EPRI, a hazardous gas model
for chemical reactions and thermodynamics associated with UF6
releases, and a baseline urban dispersion model. In the past three years, the simple
urban baseline dispersion model was developed for estimating impacts of
possible terrorist attacks with chemical and biological agents. It was
evaluated with field data from Los Angeles and Salt Lake City. He led the evaluation of DTRA’s HPAC-Urban
model with field data from Salt Lake City. He is currently the chief
scientist of the tracer experiment portion of the Urban Atmospheric
Observatory in New York City. Hazardous Gas Model Development and
Analyses The AIChE sponsored the writing of the Guidelines
for use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models in 1987, and the preparation of
greatly-enhanced second edition in 1996.
The AIChE also sponsored preparation of the 2002 book entitled Wind
Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites. A USAF/API study was completed in which
15 hazardous gas models were evaluated with data from 8 field studies. An industry-government consortium
supported the five-year PERF 93-16 Dispersion Modeling Project, including
field and laboratory experiments, in which dense gas models were improved so
that they account for high surface roughnesses, short-duration releases, and
stable ambient conditions. Dr. Hanna
was responsible for the planning and coordination of the technical components
of the project and carried out the analysis of the Kit Fox field data and the
evaluation of the HGSYSTEM 3+ model. Hazardous Gas Modeling for DTRA and
DOE-CBNP From 1997-2002, Dr. Hanna was the
director and chief scientist of the Coordinated Hazardous Atmospheric Release
Modeling (CHARM) project at George Mason University. The research, supported by the Defense
Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), was concerned with development and evaluation
of mesoscale meteorological models and atmospheric dispersion models for
releases of chemical and biological agents. Dr. Hanna is continuing this
research while at Harvard. Also, from
2000 through the present, DOE-CBNP is supporting study of users’ needs of
dispersion models and development of improved model evaluation methods. Recent emphasis is on modeling of urban
areas, because of the terrorist threat in built-up downtown areas. Since 1997, Dr. Hanna has organized and
run the annual GMU July Workshop on Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion
Modeling, which has grown so that there have been over 200 attendees the past
two years. Reviews of Diffusion Research Dr. Hanna has been requested to prepare
written reviews of various aspects of diffusion research by the EPA, the DOE,
the WMO, Electricite de France, The Netherlands, and Israel. [PC1]
Dr. Hanna is a member of peer-review panels for NRC, DOE, EPA, CDC,
CARB, and DOD programs. In March,
1997, he chaired the Peer Review Panel for the Atmospheric Modeling Division
of the EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory. In June, 2000, he was a member of the Peer Review Panel for the
EPA research program on ozone and air toxics. In November, 1997, he chaired the Peer Review Panel for the
U.S. modeling program for the Khamisiyah, Iraq, chemical releases. In 1998 he chaired the Peer Review Panel
for the EPA’s new AERMOD model. In
2000, he was member of the Peer Review Panel for the Army Research Office’s
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Program.
In 2003, he was a reviewer of the DOE VTMX research program. Teaching
Experiences at Universities Dr. Hanna has been an adjunct
professor and/or research professor at several universities during his career
(Vanderbilt University from 1969 through 1973, University of Tennessee from 1974
through 1981, Harvard School of Public Health from 1983 through the present,
and George Mason University from 1997 through 2002). Approximately once each year throughout
this period, he has taught graduate-level courses in atmospheric turbulence
and dispersion. The Vanderbilt and UT lectures were used as the basis for the
textbook by Hanna, Briggs, and Hosker (1982), which has been widely adopted
as a basic text at other universities.
In addition, three or four times a year from 1987-1997, Dr. Hanna taught
a two-day short course entitled “Vapor Cloud Dispersion” as part of AIChE
conferences. Business
Experience In 1985, Dr Hanna was a cofounder of
Sigma Research Corporation, which carried out basic and applied research on
meteorology and air quality issues for a variety of clients. The company grew successfully and was
purchased by Earth Tech in 1992.
Since 1997, Dr. Hanna has continued his consulting under Hanna
Consultants, and spends half-time on that effort. The other half of his time has been spent at either George
Mason University (from 1997-2002) or Harvard School of Public Health (from
2003-present). Hanna Consultants currently has 15 active projects, sponsored
by government agencies, chemical industries, environmental consulting companies,
industrial associations, and universities. Expert Witness
Dr. Hanna has
provided testimony in depositions in seven litigation cases and has testified
in one trial. In most of these cases,
he was required to apply and interpret atmospheric transport and dispersion
models. He has modeled releases of
methyl mercaptan and chlorine from rail cars, oleum from valve ruptures,
ammonia from a tank rupture, sulfuric acid from a stack, hydrogen sulfide
from a missile spill, and water vapor and particulates from a paper mill. On June 2, 2003, Dr. Hanna was one of
seven scientists invited to testify at a hearing before the U.S. Congress’
Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International
Relations, on the subject of “Following Toxic Clouds: Science and Assumptions
in Plume Modeling”. Professional
Organizations Sigma Xi,
AAAS, AWMA AMS: Chief Editor, J. Appl. Meteorol.,
1988-1997 Chairman, Atmos. Turb. and Diff.
Committee, 1977‑1978 Member, AMS/EPA Cooperative Work Group,
1979‑1981 Member, AMS Board on Urban
Meteorology, 2002- Co-Chairman of 2004 Urban
Environment Conference, Vancouver Chairman, 1974 Atmos. Turb. and
Diff. Conference, Santa Barbara Recipient of 1994 AMS Award for
Outstanding Contribution to the Advance of Applied Meteorology AMS Certified Consulting
Meteorologist (Number 361) INVITED AUTHOR OF BOOKS 1. Hanna, S.R., 1982: Review
of Atmospheric Diffusion Models for Regulatory Applications. World Meteorological Organization Technical
Note No. 177, WMO No. 581, Geneva, Switzerland. 2. Hanna, S.R., G.A. Briggs and R.P. Hosker,
1982: Handbook on Atmospheric Diffusion. DOE/TIC‑11223,
Department of Energy, 102 pp. 3. Hanna, S.R. and P.J. Drivas, 1987: Guidelines
for the Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models. Published by CCPS/AIChE,
345 East 47th St., New York, NY 10017, 178 pp. Hanna, S.R.,
and D.G. Strimaitis, 1988: Workbook of Test Cases for Vapor Cloud
Source Emission and Dispersion Models.
Published by CCPS/AIChE, 345 East 47th St., New York, NY
10017, 103 pp. 5. Hanna, S.R., P.J. Drivas, and J.C. Chang,
1996: Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models (Second Edition). Published by AIChE/CCPS, 345 East
47th St., New York, NY 10017, 285 pages + diskette. 6. Hanna, S.R. and R.E. Britter, 2002: Wind
Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites.
ISBN No: 0-8169-0863-X, CCPS/AIChE. 3 Park Ave., New York, NY
10016-5901, 140 pages + CD-ROM. PUBLICATIONS
IN PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS 1. Hanna SR.
A method of estimating vertical eddy transport in the planetary
boundary layer using characteristics of the vertical velocity spectrum. J Atmos Sci 1968; 25:1026‑1032. 2. Hanna SR. The thickness of the planetary
boundary layer. Atmos Environ 1969; 3:519‑536. 3. Hanna SR. Roll‑vortices in
the boundary layer. J Appl Met 1970; 9:630‑640. 4. Hanna SR, Swisher SD. Meteorological
effects of the heat and moisture produced by man. Nuclear Safety 1971; 12:114‑122. 5. Hanna SR, Hoecker WH. The response of
constant‑density balloons to sinusoidal variations of vertical wind
speeds. J Appl Met 1971; 10:601‑604. 6. Hanna SR, Gifford FA. Summary of meeting
on mesoscale atmospheric modeling. Bull
Am Met Soc 1971; 52:993. 7. Hanna SR. Simple methods of calculating
dispersion from urban areas sources. J Air Poll Control Assn 1971; 21:774‑777. 8. Hanna SR. Depth of boundary layer. Discussion. Atmos
Environ 1971; 5:67‑69. 9. Hanna SR, Swisher SD. A method for
calculating the size of cooling tower plumes. Atmos Environ 1972; 6:587‑588. 10. Hanna SR. Rise and condensation
of large cooling tower plumes. JAM 1972: 11:793‑799. 11. Hanna SR. Comments on a comparison of wet
and dry bent‑over plumes and rebuttal. J Appl Met 1972; 11:1386‑1387. 12. Gifford FA, Hanna SR. Modeling urban air
pollution. Atmos Environ 1973; 7:131‑136. 13. Hanna SR. Description of ATDL
computer model for dispersion from multiple sources. In: Noll KE, Duncan JR,eds. Industrial Air Pollution Control:
Chapter 4, 1973:23‑32. 14. Hanna SR. Book review: Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Williamson
S. Bull Am Met Soc 1973; 54:957‑958. 15. Hanna SR. A simple model for the analysis
of chemically reactive pollutants. Atmos Environ 1973; 7:803‑817. 16. Barton CJ, Moore RE, Hanna SR. Radiation
doses from hypothetical exposures to Rulison gas. Nuclear Technology
1973; 20:30‑50. 17. Hosker RP, Nappo CJ, Hanna SR. Diurnal
variation of vertical thermal structure in a pine plantation. Agric
Met 1974; 13:259‑265. 18. Hanna SR. Meteorological effects of the
mechanical draft cooling towers of the Oak Ridge gaseous diffusion
plant. Cooling Tower Environment 1974; ERDA Symposium Series, CONF 740302: 291‑306. 19. Hanna SR. Fog and drift deposition from
evaporative cooling towers. Nuc Saf
1974; 15:190‑196. 20. Hanna SR. Conference summary. Cooling tower environment‑‑1974. Bull
Am Met Soc 1974; 55:598. 21. Hanna SR, Gifford FA. Meteorological
effects of energy dissipation. Bull
Am Met Soc 1975; 56:1069‑1076. 22. Hanna SR, Gifford FA. Part III. Dispersion of sulfur dioxide emissions
from area sources. In: Noll K, Davis W, eds. Power
Generation, Air Pollution Monitoring and Control. Ann Arbor Science, 1975:71‑81. 23. Hanna SR, Gifford FA. Discussion of paper
by Goumans and Clarenburg, a simple model to calculate the SO2
concentrations in urban regions. Atmos Environ 1975; 10:564. 24. Hanna SR. Book review: Atmospheric Diffusion, 2nd Edition,
Pasquill F. Bull Am Met Soc 1975; 56:693‑694. 25. Hanna SR. A comparison of observed and
predicted cooling tower plume rise and visible plume length. Atmos Environ 1975; 10:1043‑1052. 26. Hanna SR. Relating emissions to
air quality in Tennessee. Noll KE,
Davis WT, eds. Power Generation. Ann Arbor Science, 1976:107‑118. 27. Hanna SR. Relative dispersion of tetroon
pairs during convective conditions. J Appl Meteorol 1976; 15:588-593. 28. Hanna SR. Predicted and observed cooling
tower plume rise and visible plume length at the John E. Amos power
plant. Atmos Environ 1976; 10:1043‑1052. 29. Hanna SR. Comments on
observations of an industrial cumulus.
J Appl Met 1976; 15:1232‑1233. 30. Hanna SR. Symposium review: Third symposium on atmospheric turbulence,
diffusion, and air quality. Bull Am Met Soc 1977; 58:242‑245. 31. Hanna SR. Predicted climatology of cooling
tower plume types from energy centers.
J Appl Met 1977; 16:880‑887. 32. Hanna SR. Modeling smog along the Los
Angeles-Palm Spring trajectory. Soffet I,ed.
Fate of Pollutants in the Air
and Water Environments. New
York: Wiley J & Sons,
1977:209-295. 33. Hanna SR, Briggs GA, Deardorff J, Egan BA,
Gifford FA, Pasquill F. AMS workshop on stability classification schemes and
sigma curves. Bull Am Met Soc 1977; 58:1305‑1309.
34. Hanna SR. Diurnal variation of the
stability factor in the simple ATDL urban dispersion model. J
Air Poll Control Assn 1978; 28:147‑150. 35. Hanna SR. Accuracy of dispersion
models: A position paper of the AMS
1977 committee on atmospheric turbulence and diffusion. Bull
Am Met Soc 1978; 59:1025‑1026. 36. Chen N, Hanna SR. Drift‑modeling and
monitoring comparisons. Atmos Environ 1978; 12:1725‑1734. 37. Hanna SR, Pike M, Seitter K. Observations
of vortices in cooling tower plumes. J Appl Met 1978; 17:7, 1068‑1071. 38. Hanna SR. Urban modeling of inert
substances. Morris A, Barras R,
eds. Air Quality Meteorology and Atmospheric Ozone; ASTM STP 653. Am Soc for Testing and Mat
1978:262-275. 39. Hanna SR. Some statistics of Lagrangian
and Eulerian wind fluctuations. J Appl Met 1979; 18:518‑525. 40. Hanna SR. Measured turbulence in complex
terrain near the TVA Widows Creek, Alabama Steam Plant. Atmos Environ 1980; 14:401‑408. 41. Hanna SR. Lagrangian and
Eulerian time scale relations in the daytime boundary layer. J Appl Met 1981; 21:242‑249. 42. Hanna SR. Diurnal variation of horizontal
wind direction fluctuations in complex terrain at Geysers, CA. Bound
Lay Meteorol 1981; 18:207‑213. 43. Hanna SR. Applications in air pollution
modeling. Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modeling. Boston:
D. Reidel 1981:275‑310. 44. Hanna SR, Briggs GA, Hosker RP. Handbook on Atmospheric Diffusion.
DOE/TIC‑11223, Department of Energy 1982:102pp. 45. Hanna SR. Turbulent diffusion: Chimneys and cooling towers. Ch 10 In: Plate E,ed. Engineering Meteorology. Elsevier
NY: 1982:429‑480. 46. Hanna SR. Review of atmospheric diffusion
models for regulatory applications.
World Meteorological Organization Technical Note No 177, WMO No 581.
Geneva, Switzerland: 1982. 47. Hanna SR. Natural variability of observed
hourly SO2 and CO concentrations in St. Louis. Atmos Environ 1982; 16:1435‑1441.
48. Hanna SR. Review of Dense Gas
Dispersion by Britter and Griffiths. Bull Am Met Soc 1983; 64:645. 49. Hanna SR. Lateral turbulence intensity and
plume meandering during stable conditions. J Clim and Appl Meteorol 1983; 22:1424‑1430. 50. Hanna SR, PaineRJ, Schulman LL. Overwater dispersion in coastal regions. Bound Lay Meteorol 1984; 30:389‑411. 51. Hanna SR, Egan BA, Vaudo CJ, Curreri AJ. A
complex terrain dispersion model for regulatory applications at the Westvaco
Luke Mill. Atmos Environ 1984; 18:685‑699. 52. Hanna SR. The exponential PDF
and concentration fluctuations in smoke plumes. Boundary Layer Meteorology 1984; 29:361‑376. 53. Hanna SR. Concentration fluctuations in a
smoke plume. Atmos Environ 1984; 18:1091‑1106. 54. Hanna SR. Atmospheric effects of
energy generation. In: Randerson D, ed. Chapter 15 in Atmospheric Science and Power Production. DOE/TIC‑27601, 1984:652‑684. 55. Hanna SR. Air Pollution. Encyclopedia
of Science and Technology: McGraw‑Hill, 1984. 56. Hanna SR, Schulman LL, Paine RJ,Pleim JE,
Baer M. Development and evaluation of the Offshore and Coastal Diffusion
Model. J Air Poll Control Assoc 1985;
35:1039‑1047. 57. Hanna SR. Ground‑level concentration
fluctuations from a buoyant and a non‑buoyant source within a
laboratory convectively‑mixed layer.
Atmos Environ 1985; 19:1210‑1212. 58. Hanna SR. Air quality modeling
over short distances. In: Houghton D, Wiley, J and Sons, eds. Handbook of Applied Meteorology. New York,1985:712‑743. 59.
Schulman LL, Hanna SR. Evaluation of
downwash modifications to the
Industrial Source Complex (ISC) model. J
Air Poll Control Assoc 1986; 36:258‑264. 60. Hanna SR. Spectra of concentration
fluctuations: The two time scales of
a meandering plume. Atmos Environ
1986; 20:1131‑1137. 61. Hanna SR. Lateral dispersion
from tall stacks. J Clim and Appl Met 1986; 25:1426‑1433. 62. Hanna SR, Paine RJ .Convective scaling
applied to diffusion of buoyant plumes from tall stacks. Atmos
Environ 1987; 21:2153‑2160. 63. Hanna SR, Drivas PJ. Guidelines for the Use of Vapor Cloud
Dispersion Models. Published
by CCPS/AIChE: 1987:178 pp. 64. Hanna SR. Reply to comments on lateral
dispersion from tall stacks. J Clim and Appl Met 1987; 26:1781. 65. Hanna SR. The effect of line averaging on
concentration fluctuations. Boundary Layer Meteorology 1987; 40:329‑338. 66. Hanna SR. An empirical formula for the
height of the coastal internal boundary layer. Boundary Layer Meteorology 1987; 40:205‑207. 67. Hanna SR, Strimaitis DG. Workbook of Test Cases for Vapor Cloud
Source Emission and Dispersion Models:
CCPS/AIChE, 1988; 103 pp. 68. Hanna SR. Air quality model evaluation and
uncertainty. J Air Poll Control Assoc 1988;
38:406‑412. 69. Hanna SR, Paine RJ. Hybrid Plume
Dispersion Model (HPDM) development and evaluation. J Appl. Met 1989;
28:206‑224. 70. Hanna SR, Insley EM. Time series analyses
of concentration and wind fluctuations.
Boundary Layer Meteorology 1989;
47:131‑147. 71. Hanna SR. Confidence limits for air
quality models, as estimated by bootstrap and jackknife resampling
methods. Atmos
Environ 1989; 23:1385-1395. 72. Hanna SR. Plume dispersion and
concentration fluctuations in the atmosphere. In: Cheremisinoff, ed. Encyclopedia of Environmental Control
Technology, Chapter 14, Volume 2.
Air Pollution Control, Gulf Publishing Co,
Houston: 1989:547‑582. 73. Hanna SR, Strimaitis DG. Rugged terrain
effects on diffusion. Blumen, ed.
In: Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain, Meteorological
Monographs Series, AMS, 45 Beacon St, Boston: 1990:Chapter 6. 74. Hanna SR. Lateral dispersion in light‑wind
stable conditions. Il Nuovo Cimento 1990; 13:889-894. 75. Hanna SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG.
Uncertainties in source emission rate estimates using dispersion models. Atmos Environ 1990; 24A:2971-2980. 76. Hanna SR, Strimaitis DG, ChangJC.
Evaluation of 14 hazardous gas models with ammonia and hydrogen fluoride
field data. J Hazardous Materials
1991; 26:127-158. 77. Hanna SR. Characteristics of ozone
episodes during SCCCAMP‑1985. J
Appl Met 1991; 30:511-533. 78. Hanna SR, Strimaitis DG, Scire JS, Moore
GE, Kessler RC. Overview of results of analysis of data from the South
Central Coast Cooperative Aerometric Monitoring Program (SCCCAMP). J
Appl Met 1991; 30: 511-533. 79. Schulman LL, Hanna SR. A decision system
for selecting a site-specific air quality dispersion model. Ecological
Modelling 1992; 64:205-219. 80. Hanna SR, Chatwin P, Chikhliwala E,
Londergan R, Spicer T, Weil J. Results from the Model Evaluation Panel. Plant
Operations Progress 1992; 11(1):2-5. 81. Hanna SR, Chang JC. Boundary layer
parameterizations for applied dispersion modeling over urban areas. Bound
Lay Meteorol 1992; 58:229-259. 82. Hanna SR, Chang JC. Representativeness of
wind measurements on a mesoscale grid with station separations of 312 m to
10000 m. Bound Lay Meteorol 1992; 60:309-324. 83. Hanna SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG.
Hazardous gas model evaluation with field observations. Atmos Environ 1993;
27A:2265-2285. 84. Hanna SR, Drivas PJ. Modeling VOC
emissions and air concentrations from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. J
Air and Waste Management Assoc 1993;
43:298-309. 85. Hanna SR, Chang JC. Hybrid Plume
Dispersion Model (HPDM) improvements and testing at three field sites. Atmos Environ 1993; 27A:1491-1508. 86. Hanna SR. Uncertainties in air quality
model predictions. Bound Lay Meteorol 1993; 62:3-20. 87.
Wolfe DA, Hameedi MJ, Galt JA,
Watabayashi G, Short J, O'Clair C, Rice S, Michel J, Payne JR, Braddock J,
Hanna SR, Sale D. Fate of oil spilled from the T/V Exxon Valdez in Prince
William Sound, Alaska. Environ Sci and Tech 1994; 28:560A-569A. 88. Hansen DA, Dennis RL, Ebel A, Hanna SR,
Kaye J, Thuillier R. The quest for an advanced regional air quality
model. Environ Sci and Tech 1994;
28:70A-77A. 89. Hanna SR. Mesoscale meteorological model
evaluation techniques, with emphasis on needs of air quality models. In:
Pearce R, Pielke R, eds.
Chapter in Aspects of
Mesoscale Modeling. Meteorological Monographs Series No. 47, AMS, 45
Beacon Street, Boston. 1994. 90. Hanna SR. Hazardous gas model
evaluations. Is an equitable
comparison possible? J Loss Prev in the Process Ind
1994; 7:133-138. 91. Hanna SR, Chang JC, Strimaitis DG. Reply
to discussion by J. Davies and D. Heinold et al. on hazardous gas model
evaluation with field observations. Atmos Environ 1995; 29:455-460. 92. Hanna SR,
Chang JC. Relations
between meteorology and ozone in the Lake Michigan region. J Appl
Met 1995; 34:670-678. 93. Hanna SR, Chang JC. Comparisons of the
Hybrid Plume Dispersion Model (HPDM) with observations at the Kincaid Power
Plant. Int J Environ and Pollution 1995; 5:4-6, 323-330. 94. Hanna SR, Fernau ME, Moore GE. Evaluation
of photochemical grid models (UAM-IV, UAM-V, and the ROM/UAM-IV Couple) using
data from the Lake Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS). Atmos Environ
1996; 30:3265-3279. 95. Hanna SR, Drivas PJ, Chang JC. Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion
Models. 345 East 47th St., New
York: AIChE/CCPS . 1996:285 pages 96. Hanna SR, Chang JC, Zhang JX. Modeling accidental releases to the
atmosphere of a dense reactive chemical (uranium hexafluoride). Atmos Environ 1997; 31:901-908, 97. Hanna SR,
Chang JC, Fernau ME. Monte
Carlo estimates of uncertainties in predictions by a photochemical grid model
(UAM-IV) due to uncertainties in input variables. Atmos Environ 1998; 32:3619-3628. 98. Hanna SR, Briggs GA, Chang JC. Lift-off of
buoyant plumes released at ground-level.
Journal of Hazardous Materials 1998; 59:123-130. Hanna
SR, Davis JM. Use of Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis to evaluate differences
in observed and predicted ozone concentrations. Int J Environ and
Poll. 1999. 100. Hanna SR, Egan BA, Purdum J, Wagler
J. Evaluation of the ADMS, AERMOD,
and ISC3 Dispersion Models with the OPTEX, Duke Forest, Kincaid,
Indianapolis, and Lovett Field Data Sets. Int J Environ and Poll 1999. 101. Hanna SR, Yang R, Yin X. Evaluations of
Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models from the point of view of inputs
required by atmospheric dispersion models.
Int J Environ. and Poll 2000; 14:98-105. 102. Hanna SR, Franzese P. Along wind
dispersion – a simple similarity formula compared with observations at 13
field sites and in one wind tunnel. J Appl Meteorol 2000; 39:1700-1714. 103. Hanna SR, Lu Z, Frey HC, Wheeler N,
Vukovich J, Arumachalam S, Fernau M.
Uncertainties in predicted
ozone concentration due to input uncertainties for the UAM-V photochemical
grid model applied to the July 1995
OTAG domain. Atmos Environ 2001; 35:891-903. 104. Briggs GA, Britter RE, Hanna SR, Havens
JA, Robins AG, Snyder WH. Dense gas vertical diffusion over rough surfaces:
results of wind-tunnel studies. Atmos
Environ 2001; 35:2265-2284. 105. Hanna SR,
Chang JC. Kit
Fox dense gas dispersion field experiments and HEGADAS model testing. Atmos Environ 2001;
35:2231-2242. 106. Hanna SR, Steinberg KW. Overview of
Petroleum Environmental Research Forum (PERF) dense gas dispersion modeling
project. Atmos Environ 2001; 35:2223-2230. 107. Hanna SR, Yang R. Evaluations of mesoscale
model predictions of near-surface winds, temperature gradients, and mixing
depths. J Appl Meteorol 2001; 40:1095-1104. 108. Hanna SR, Davis JM. Evaluation of
photochemical grid models using estimates of
concentration probability distributions. Atmos Environ 2002;
36:1793-1798. Hanna SR,
Tehranian S, Carissimo B, Macdonald RW, Lohner R. Comparisons of model
simulations with observations of mean flow and turbulence within simple
obstacle arrays. Atmos Environ 2002;
36: 5067-5079. 110. Hanna SR and Britter RE. Wind
Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites. ISBN No: 0-8169-0863-X, CCPS/AIChE. 3 Park
Ave., New York, NY 10016-5901, 140 pages + CD-ROM 2002. 111. Chang JC, Franzese P, Chayantrakom K,
Hanna SR. Evaluations of CALPUFF,
HPAC, and VLSTRACK with two mesoscale field data sets. J Appl Meteorol 2003; 42: 453-466. . 112. Britter RE, Hanna SR, Briggs GA, Robins
AG. Short-range vertical dispersion from a ground-level source in a turbulent
boundary layer. Atmos Environ 2003;
37: 3885-3894. 113. Song CH, Chen G, Hanna SR, Crawefor J.,
Davis DD. Dispersion and chemical
evolution of ship plumes in the marine boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res. 2003; 108 (D4):
4143-4153. 114.
Britter RE and Hanna SR. Flow and
dispersion in urban areas. Ann Rev of
Fluid Mech 35, 469-496. 2003. 115.
Dabberdt W, Carroll M, Baumgardner D, Carmichael G, Cohen R, Dye T, Ellis J,
Grell G, Grimmond S, Hanna S, Irwin J, Lamb B, Madronich S, McQueen J,
Meagher J, Odman T, Pleim J, Schmid HP, Westphal D. Meteorological research needs for improved air quality
forecasting. Bull Amer Meteorol Soc
2004; 85 (4): 563-586. 116.
Hanna SR, Britter RE and Franzese P.
A baseline urban dispersion model evaluated with Salt Lake City and
Los Angeles Tracer data. Atmos Environ
37, 5069-5082. 2003 117.
Chang JC and Hanna SR. Air quality
model performance. To appear in
Meteorol and Atmos Physics 2003 118.
Lehmann E, Franzese P and Hanna S.
Transport and dispersion models for emergency response: User needs and
requirements. Submitted to Bull Amer
Meteorol Soc 2004 119. Chang
JC, Hanna SR, Boybeyi Z and Franzese P.
Use of Salt Lake City Urban 2000 Data to evaluate the Urban-HPAC
model. Submitted to J. Appl.
Meteorol. 2004 Hanna SR,
Hansen OR and Dharmavaram S. FLACS
air quality CFD model performance evaluation with Kit Fox, MUST, Prairie
Grass, and EMU observations.
Submitted to Atmos. Environ. 2004. 121. Hanna
SR, Wilkinson J, Russell AG, Vukovich J and Hansen DA. Monte Carlo estimation of uncertainties in
BEIS3 emission outputs and their effects on uncertainties in Chemical
Transport Model predictions.
Submitted to J. Geophys. Res. 2004. |